The water fed into reverse osmosis (RO) systems must meet a certain quality standard to minimize scale formation, clogging, bacterial activity, and membrane deterioration. This quality is achieved through pre-treatment equipment such as sand filters, activated carbon units, softeners, and bag filters.

However, as long as RO systems are in operation, they retain hardness ions (such as calcium and magnesium), metal ions, and bacteria that cannot be removed by these pre-treatment devices.
These products are ideal for treatment systems such as reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration.